Petr Dyachenko - Black Ataman regiment of Cossacks
31.10.2016
Petr Dyachenko - Black Ataman regiment of Cossacks
The future commander was born January 30, 1895 in the village of Birch Luke Mirgorodskogo County (now - Hadiach district) Poltava province. He graduated six classes a real school, getting specialty mechanics.
With the outbreak of World War II, 19-year-old Peter Dyachenko was drafted into the Russian army. After a brief stay as a part of the 52nd Siberian Rifle Regiment, entered the Orenburg school warrant. He moved quite confidently official steps and a half years has become a captain.
17 December 1917 - the most important day in the life of Peter Dyachenko. He is to serve in the Ukrainian army. Soon after taking part in the battle for Kyiv. A February 23, 1918 Cossack entered the horse hundred 2nd Zaporizhia foot regiment, commanded by Peter Bolbochan. This regiment was considered the best in Zaporizhzhya 1st Division, and later in the Cossack corps. It consisted of four thousand Cossacks, of which almost 80% were officers and intellectuals. The flag of the regiment were embroidered trident around, "With solid faith in victory of course forward for Ukraine." Regimental oath sounded like a song:
You, my dear land,
I make up my oath -
Love you, serve you,
For you die at the flag.
And our flag is yellow and blue
I swear defends forever.
And the people forgotten, native,
The last shed his blood.
This oath took Peter Dyachenko, and his whole life voyatske, even in other parts of the Army, was faithful to her.
In 1918 he participated in the liberation of Poltava and Crimea. After Hetman coup April 29, 1918, when came to power Skoropadsky Paul, Peter Dyachenko continued service in hundreds of horse Zaporizhzhya 2nd Regiment Army Ukrainian State. During antyhetmanskoho hundred uprising unfolded in separate equestrian hut. November 23, 1918 Dyachenko appointed centesimal and January 17, 1919 - Smoking.
June 27, 1919 Ataman main army UNR Symon Petliura ordered to rename a part, which is now called Black cavalry regiment of Cossacks. At this time Peter Dyachenko together with his soldiers fought against Bolshevik troops under Proskuriv. "As commander of the regiment he educates his subordinates on the traditions Sich ever from those traditions are not retreating - wrote lieutenant-general Peter Samutyn UNR Army. - Personal him courage - is worthy of wonder. He always looked boldly in the face of death, he always sought the enemy and beat him - wherever met on their way. "
In August Petro Dyachenko is fighting with the enemy in the region of Zhytomyr and Kyiv Fastiv, and in December goes to the first winter campaign on the Dnieper.
During the five months of this legendary raid tylamy Black Bolshevik regiment of Cossacks was the main striking force of Zaporizhzhya Division of chieftain Andrew Huloho-Gulenko, who in his orders repeatedly pointed initiative and courage centurion Dyachenko. Simon Petliura, paying tribute to Peter Dyachenko decisive action during the first winter campaign, decided to assign it an extraordinary rank of colonel.
However, the initial success of the Polish-Ukrainian forces and the capture of Kyiv not led to the complete defeat of the Bolsheviks. Soon begins active offensive red. Polish and Ukrainian forced to retreat to the west. Under such difficult conditions regiment of Cossacks Black retains a high combat effectiveness and discipline, what great merit of their commander.
During the summer of 1920 the regiment is constantly fighting with the enemy. One of the most famous episodes of the battle near Chernivtsi, when black Cossacks broke through the Bolshevik position occupied village Babchytsi and Borivka and seized with great trophies: heavy gun with a full harness and attendants, a convoy of Soviet 364 th Infantry Regiment and various military equipment. Chief Ataman issued a special order to the troops of the Acting Army of UNR in which Peter Diachenko was declared "the glory".
In the summer of 1920 Dyachenko led his regiment began an offensive on the city. Amber. The attack was through grasslands and peat, which is located enemy. In the ditches by the roadside sat rearguard red and machine gun fire covered the retreat of its parts. They beat and enemy guns. Petr Dyachenko decided flank attack to capture enemy convoy full of weapons and ammunition, which is so lacking Cossacks. With saber raised, not looking back, raced to his commander footed horse. During the attack Petro Dyachenko had been knocked from his horse, he was seriously injured - bone crushing thighs. Cossack commander brought the wounded from the battlefield. When he lay under a pear with broken leg when the tree hit enemy grenade. Surprisingly it is not torn. Not having a full course of treatment, Petr Dyachenko soon returned to his regiment. Two days later it was announced gratitude of the Fatherland By skillfully managing its own part and heroism in battle against the Bolsheviks.
In September 1920 turned a new Polish-Ukrainian attack. Crossed the Dniester, the UNR army defeated the Soviet 14th Army and captured territory between the Dniester and Zbruch. Ukrainian and Polish troops entered Ternopil, and later - to Proskuriv. October 12 in Riga between the Polish and Soviet parties had concluded a truce. Finished favorably for a war against the Bolsheviks, the Polish government, Warsaw contrary to the agreements left the army UPR fate. After intense fighting pivtoramisyachnyh bloodless Ukrainian troops retreated by Zbruch.
After moving to the West Bank Zbruch personnel of the regiment the Black Cossacks led by their commander was interned Poles and sent to the camp in a village near Ternopil Shlyahtyntsi. In early 1921, Colonel Dyachenko with soldiers part was transferred to another camp - Pikulice village near Przemysl.
After the elimination in 1924 Ukrainian internment camps for soldiers begins a new stage of life of Peter Dyachenko - it becomes a contract officer in the Polish armed forces. He was given the rank of Major and sent to the 1st Regiment shvolezheriv Jozef Pilsudski. This regiment was considered one of the most privileged in the Polish cavalry. The location in the city center, close proximity to the residence of Marshal Pilsudski regiment imposed on a number of honorary duties for which he is often called the "People's Guard".
During his service in the 1st Regiment shvolezherskomu Petr Dyachenko received memorable part of which was given to only the best officers and soldiers for the excellent behavior and hard work. After the Polish Supreme Military School Major Peter Dyachenko was sent to serve in the 3rd Regiment Mazovian shvolezheriv, located in Suwalki. For five years he served as assistant first deputy commander of the regiment.
The Second World War found Peter Dyachenko on the Polish-Lithuanian border in the town. Suwalki. As an officer of the Polish Army Contract Petr Dyachenko defended Poland from Soviet troops in September 1939. In the battle against the Reds over the river Neman injured. His cavalry division with fights his way to Lithuania, where he was interned. Subsequently Dyachenko was in the camp for Polish officers in K?nigsberg. Soon the Germans released him - like many other Ukrainian officers.
With the start of World War II Peter Dyachenko approaches the Melnyk faction leaders of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN). In Krakow, taking part in the meeting Ukrainian troops, which was created by the General Council of Ukrainian combatants - "a single, common wire kombatantskyh all Ukrainian organizations." Petr Dyachenko was elected to the military-scientific and military history of the organization board. The next month, he and the eldest son of George and two Ukrainian officers arrived in Rivne. They met with the organizer and leader of Polesie Sich Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) Taras Bulba-Borovets. Petr Dyachenko agreed to assume the duties of Chief of Staff of the UPA.
Later Dyachenko settled in Chelm, where he helped the local rebels of the OUN (B). He supplied them German military documents and firearms, saved arrested, placed the wounded in hospitals, helped arrange underground radio operators to the German school. Kept in constant contact with the "wood" repeatedly visited the guerrilla base.
In June 1944 he became deputy commander of the so-called Ukrainian legion of self-defense (ULS), whose main task was to guard the local Ukrainian population from attacks by Polish and Soviet partisans. During 1945 Petro Dyachenko as part of Ukrainian National Army (UNA) led a separate Ukrainian anti-tank brigade "Free Ukraine".
After the war, Peter Dyachenko some time lived in Munich. Since it consulted representatives of US military intelligence, who studied the real forces of the liberation movement in Ukraine. Later, along with his wife Helen and son Petro Dyachenko general moved to the United States. Settled in Philadelphia. There he studied crop, fond of photography began to write memoirs. Ukrainian government in exile (in emigration) awarded him the rank of cornet.
Petr Dyachenko died April 23, 1965. He was buried on Ukrainian cemetery in Bound Brook (NJ). October 12, 1968 ceremony of consecration of the monument invincible soldier. Sanctification spent Archbishop Mstislav.
Annex to Resolution of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine on February 11, 2015 № 184-VIII «A celebration of memorable dates and anniversaries in 2015" states: "This year at the state level and vidznachatymutsya vshanovuvatymutsya such memorable dates and anniversaries: February 11, - 120 years since the birth of Petro Dyachenko (1895-1965), military leader, colonel, commander of the regiment the Black Cossacks Army UNR ".
R. Kukharenko, correspondent paper "Migration"
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